Unit 4 — تدرّب على الامتحان
نمط الامتحان الحقيقي
أجب عن الأسئلة — الـ AI يصحح إجابتك فوراً
سجّل دخولك لحفظ إجاباتك
دخولSection I — Reading: History of Engineering
📖 ملخص النص
يستعرض النص تاريخ الهندسة عبر العصور. في العصور القديمة ابتكر المهندسون الأوائل أدوات بسيطة كالبكرة والرافعة والعجلة. وفي بلاد ما بين النهرين اخترعت العجلة في الألفية الخامسة قبل الميلاد، وصمّم إمحوتب أول هرم في التاريخ. وفي العصور الوسطى اخترع المهندسون الهنود محلج القطن وآلات تعمل بالرياح، ثم صمّم المهندسون العرب العجلة الدوارة. وفي عصر النهضة الأوروبية بنى توماس سافيري أول محرك بخاري عام 1698. وفي العصر الحديث أسهمت اختراعات جيمس واط في نشوء الهندسة الميكانيكية، وأدى عمل ماكسويل وهرتز إلى ميلاد الهندسة الكهربائية. واليوم تشمل الهندسة مجالات متعددة كالهندسة الجوية وهندسة الحاسوب.
مقاطع مهمة:
"Throughout history, there have always been people who designed and built tools or other devices to solve problems or improve lives."
"The oldest architect, known by name Imhotep, designed and executed the construction of the Pyramid of Djoser."
"The first steam engine was built in 1698 by the mechanical engineer Thomas Savery."
"The inventions of the Scottish engineer James Watt gave rise to the modern mechanical engineering."
"The brilliant minds of engineers are still creating whatever it takes to elevate our world to make it a better place to live."
What were the basic inventions created by primitive engineers?
What was the importance of the spinning wheel invented by Arab engineers?
How did James Watt contribute to the development of engineering?
Find a word in the text which means: a simple machine used to lift heavy things using a rope.
Find a word in the text which means: related to designing, making, and flying aircraft.
Find a word in the text which means: actions performed to keep machines functioning properly.
Rewrite this sentence to correct the information: 'The first steam engine was built by the engineer Imhotep in 1698.'
Rewrite this sentence to correct the information: 'The wheel was invented in Egypt during the third millennium BC.'
Section III — Choose the Correct Answer
Raneem wants a doctor to alter her nose. She wants to ______.
Make sure you ______ the joints before you leave today.
The workers had to ______ the area to protect people during construction.
She suddenly turned and crashed ______ the fence.
The inventions of James Watt ______ the modern mechanical engineering.
In fast spoken English, the disappearance of sounds like /t/ and /d/ is known as ______.
Section IV — Complete with One Functional Word
The concept of engineering has been ______ since ancient times.
The spinning wheel was essential ______ the growth of the cotton industry.
The development of the steam engine led ______ the emergence of the Industrial Revolution.
Section V — Write Questions about the Underlined Words
The first steam engine was built __in 1698__.
The wheel was invented __in Mesopotamia__.
__James Watt__ gave rise to modern mechanical engineering.
Section VI — Rewrite as Required
Raneem wants a doctor to alter her nose. (Causative)
The mechanic changed the oil in my car. (Causative)
Ali's driving licence was taken away by the police. (Causative)
A decorator has repaired our house. (Causative)
Section VII — Correct the Verbs in Brackets
Throughout history, there (always / be) people who designed tools to solve problems.
Today, aeronautical engineering (grow) day after day since the 1950s.
The shop on the corner usually (mend) my glasses. Last week I (have) them (mend) there.
Section VIII — Complete Using Clauses
It might work if ..............................
Engineers are still creating new inventions so that ..............................
Section IX — Translation
The brilliant minds of engineers are still creating whatever it takes to elevate our world to make it a better place to live.
الهندسة علم قديم ساهم في تطوير حياة الإنسان منذ فجر التاريخ.
Section X — Composition
Write a composition of no less than 80 words on ONE of the following topics: A) The role of engineering in our modern life. B) The history of engineering and its development through the ages.
💡 نصائح الكتابة
- ← ابدأ بتعريف الهندسة وأهميتها.
- ← رتّب الأفكار من القديم إلى الحديث أو من العام إلى الخاص.
- ← استخدم أدوات الربط: furthermore, as a result, gave rise to, led to.
- ← اذكر أمثلة محددة من النص: Imhotep, James Watt, Alan Emtage.
- ← اختم بنظرة مستقبلية عن دور الهندسة.